Acromioclavicular (AC) joint dysfunction refers to pain or impaired movement at the joint where the collarbone (clavicle) meets the highest point of the shoulder blade (acromion). This small joint plays an important role in shoulder movement and stability. Dysfunction can result from injury, repetitive strain, arthritis, or degeneration, causing pain during lifting, reaching across the body, or overhead activities.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on a thorough clinical assessment and may include:
- Physical examination and special tests
- X-rays to assess joint alignment and arthritis
- Ultrasound to evaluate surrounding soft tissues
- MRI if ligament injury or associated shoulder conditions are suspected
Treatment Options
If symptoms persist despite physiotherapy, additional treatments may include:
- Anti-inflammatory medication (if appropriate)
- Corticosteroid injection into the AC joint
- Surgical intervention (distal clavicle excision or ligament reconstruction) for severe arthritis or significant joint instability
Recovery
Recovery depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Mild cases often improve within 4–8 weeks with physiotherapy, while more significant injuries or post-surgical rehabilitation may require 3–6 months to achieve full recovery and return to normal activities.