Baker’s Cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled swelling that develops behind the knee due to an accumulation of synovial fluid within the joint. It commonly occurs as a result of underlying knee conditions such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, meniscal tears, or other injuries that cause excess fluid production. Individuals may notice a lump or swelling behind the knee, along with pain, stiffness, tightness, and difficulty fully bending or straightening the knee. Symptoms often worsen after prolonged standing, walking, running, or physical activity and may occasionally be associated with a feeling of pressure or fullness behind the knee. Although many Baker’s cysts improve with treatment of the underlying knee condition, persistent or large cysts may require further medical management.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in reducing pain and swelling, improving knee mobility, strengthening the muscles around the knee, and restoring normal movement patterns. Treatment may include manual therapy, stretching, strengthening exercises, activity modification, and education on joint protection. A personalised rehabilitation programme helps improve knee function, relieve discomfort, reduce the risk of recurrence, and enable patients to return safely to work, sports, and everyday activities with greater comfort and confidence