Femoro-Acetabular Impingement (FAI) is a condition in which abnormal contact occurs between the ball (femoral head) and socket (acetabulum) of the hip joint, causing damage to the cartilage and surrounding soft tissues. This may result from extra bone growth on the femoral head (cam impingement), the acetabulum (pincer impingement), or a combination of both. FAI commonly affects active individuals and athletes, causing pain in the groin, hip, or front of the thigh, particularly during activities such as walking, running, squatting, climbing stairs, or prolonged sitting.
Many people also experience stiffness, reduced hip mobility, clicking, or a catching sensation within the joint. If left untreated, the condition may increase the risk of labral tears and early hip osteoarthritis. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to relieve symptoms and preserve joint function. Physiotherapy plays a vital role in managing femoro-acetabular impingement by reducing pain, improving hip mobility, strengthening the muscles around the hip and core, correcting movement patterns, and enhancing joint stability. Treatment may include manual therapy, stretching, strengthening exercises, activity modification, and functional rehabilitation. A personalised rehabilitation programme helps restore movement, improve strength and flexibility, reduce the risk of further joint damage, and enable patients to return safely to work, sports, and everyday activities with greater comfort and confidence.